Journal of Economic Geography Research

Measuring the level of satisfaction with the quality of urban environment from the perspective of citizens: A case study of District 5, Tabriz Metropolitan Municipality, Iran

karim Hosseinzadeh Dalir; zahra Rassoulzade; Hadi Mohammad Khanly

Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2020, , Pages 1-15

Abstract

In recent decades, the issue of the quality of the urban environment has become a specialized and public issue in societies, and people's attention has shifted from material goals to the nature of life in dysfunctional urban complexes. What is clear is that all urban problems are of an environmental ... Read More In recent decades, the issue of the quality of the urban environment has become a specialized and public issue in societies, and people's attention has shifted from material goals to the nature of life in dysfunctional urban complexes. What is clear is that all urban problems are of an environmental quality component. In other words, many environmental problems will quickly turn into urban problems. For this reason, in recent years, environmental sustainability, quality of desired urban environment, quality of life, and healthy communities have paid more attention to the quality dimensions in urban environments. In this research, the quality of the urban environment in District 5 of Tabriz Municipality is assessed. The approach of the present study is exploratory (at both descriptive and analytical levels) and it avails of survey method of research. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size of the studied neighborhoods was calculated to be 380 people. Using one-sample t-test, the quality of the urban environment was measured and in the next step, using the hierarchical analysis method of multiple regression, the indicators affecting the quality of the urban environment were identified. The results of one-sample t-test showed that from the residents' point of view, the quality of the urban environment of District 5 of Tabriz Municipality is not at a high level and there is no high satisfaction with the quality of the urban environment of the region among the residents. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that at the level of physical-spatial characteristics, the indices of Access and Roads Organization have the greatest impact (B= 0.518) on the level of citizens' satisfaction. At the level of functional-service characteristics, the sub-index of social welfare services (B= 0.531) have the most impact on the citizens satisfaction. At the level of content characteristics, sub-indices of environmental health (B= 0.680) and (B = 0.627) have the greatest impact on their satisfaction.

Analyzing the effects of economic sanctions on the quality of life of villagers (Case Study: villages in central part of Kashmar County)

mitra Yarahmadi; hamdollah ssojasi gheidari

Volume 4, Issue 12 , August 2023, , Pages 1-24

Abstract

Improving and developing the quality of life of villagers as a factor in increasing welfare, reducing rural-urban inequalities and achieving sustainable rural development, is of great importance. This is while economic sanctions have affected various aspects of the life of the Iranian people, including ... Read More

Promoting the endogenization of the economy in the framework of the components of the knowledge-based economy in the provinces of Iran

mohammad ghaffary fard; mehdi shahdani; safi aalh hamidi

Volume 4, Issue 13 , November 2024, , Pages 1-17

Abstract

Internalization of economic units is one of the goals of sustainable development, which can keep the economy stable against external crises and impulses. Using the capacity of knowledge in the economy and creating a platform for the commercialization of knowledge-based products in a competitive and creative ... Read More Internalization of economic units is one of the goals of sustainable development, which can keep the economy stable against external crises and impulses. Using the capacity of knowledge in the economy and creating a platform for the commercialization of knowledge-based products in a competitive and creative platform is known as an important factor affecting the strengthening of the economy and can bring the region's economy to a level where it can support its expenses by relying on internal resources. . In this research, the effects of knowledge-based economics on the endogeneity of the economy of Iran's provinces during the period of 1390-1398 have been analyzed using the modified panel least squares method through the Eviuse program. Using the Morris method and sub-indices of the knowledge-based economy, the combined index is calculated and based on the tax revenue power of the provinces, the economic endogeneity index has been calculated after carrying out Kayo, Limmer and Hausman tests to determine the long-term relationships, the panel model and the determination of fixed and random effects. The coefficients of the model have been estimated. The results of the research show that with a one percent increase in the combined index of the knowledge-based economy, the endogeneity of the economy of Iran's provinces increases by 0.44 percent. An increase in labor productivity and government spending increases the economic endogeneity of Iran's provinces, although an increase in the inflation rate reduces this trend. Also, the constituent components of the knowledge-based economy also show that with a one percent increase in the education index, the economic endogeneity increases by 0.2 percent. With a one percent increase in the information index, the economic endogeneity increases by 0.55 percent, and with a one percent increase in the innovation index, the economic endogeneity increases by 0.091 percent. Therefore, in order to improve the internal capacity of different provinces of the country, regional policy makers should pay more attention to the components of the knowledge-based economy, including the promotion of economic incentives, the development of educational skills in schools and the development of skill centers along with increasing the productivity of the labor force and financial decentralization in spending from the central government to the provinces. Set your agenda.

Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Economic Complexity in the Group of High-Income Countries (GMM )

Ashkan Rahimzadeh; karim hanafiniri

Volume 4, Issue 14 , February 2024, , Pages 1-13

Abstract

Information and communication technology has an effect on the variety of products and economic complexity by overcoming geographical boundaries and increasing the flow of information. The main goal of this research is to investigate the impact of information and communication technology components on ... Read More Information and communication technology has an effect on the variety of products and economic complexity by overcoming geographical boundaries and increasing the flow of information. The main goal of this research is to investigate the impact of information and communication technology components on economic complexity in a selected group of high-income countries. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of collecting data and information. The selected group of high income countries is Switzerland, Ireland, Sweden, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, Canada, Norway, Australia, America, France, Japan, Qatar and Singapore. The estimation of the model by the method of generalized moments and the time period studied in this research is 2010 to 2021. The information of the research variables is from the World Bank and MIT University website. According to the estimate made by GMM method, internet users and export of advanced technology have a significant impact on economic complexity. So that with a one percent increase in internet users and advanced technology exports, economic complexity increases by 0.0063 and 0.0284 percent, respectively. In this estimate, the import of ICT goods has not had a significant impact on economic complexity. Economic complexity has been affected by its own lag, so that with an increase of 1% of economic complexity with one lag, it causes a decrease of 0.176% of economic complexity. The positive impact of the Internet shows the ability to collect skills and capabilities in the production process of selected countries and consequently improve their economic complexity. Also, the export of advanced technology, which in its core includes high-tech exports and products with high research and development intensity, such as aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments and electrical machines, through the mutual communication of exporters with foreign buyers, receiving methods New in the production process and new ideas for capital productions and intermediaries appear in economic complexity.

Identifying the challenges and factors affecting the development of Social insurance fund for farmers, rural residents, and nomads

mahboobeh babaei; robabeh pourjabali; saeed rezaee ali kamar

Volume 4, Issue 14 , February 2024, , Pages 14-31

Abstract

In order to create a basic platform for economic growth, peace and security in social and work environments, increasing productivity, preventing destructive tensions, establishing social justice and the growth and development of society, the government is trying, within the framework of welfare policies ... Read More In order to create a basic platform for economic growth, peace and security in social and work environments, increasing productivity, preventing destructive tensions, establishing social justice and the growth and development of society, the government is trying, within the framework of welfare policies and specifically the social insurance system, the productive forces of society. to support against economic risks. The development, continuity and sustainable effectiveness of these issues depend on the constant dynamics of the fields in charge of the welfare system and social insurance. The current research is qualitative and with thematic analysis approach. The study unit of this research includes: academic faculty members of universities in various fields of insurance; Managers; assistants; There are 18 experts and officials of insurance brokers in 31 provinces who were selected through judgmental sampling. The findings of the research show that the social insurance fund of farmers, villagers and nomads, despite the major participation of the government from a protective and insurance point of view, has undergone many changes in the basic rules and regulations and weak performance. In this regard, in order to design the optimal model for the development of social insurance for farmers, villagers and nomads, data was collected using semi-structured interviews. The number of initially extracted codes was 1535, which were converted into 113 codes in the next stage and 44 sub-codes in the secondary (central) coding stage. including 12 components; The second category of cultural factors includes 9 components; The third category of economic factors includes 6 components; The fourth category of organizational factors includes 9 components. In this way, according to the four themes of economic, social, cultural and organizational and the related categories and concepts, the design of the model of development and progress of brokers, taking into account all these aspects and capacities and limitations, whether in the part of how to employ license applicants Brokerage, up to the training department and standardization of the way of providing services to customers, can fix all the defects and deficiencies that exist until today.

A Rhythmanalysis of the macro driving forces affecting sustainablility of hidden face of the city: A case study of Zanjan’s worn-out urban fabric

ali shamai; mohamad taghi heydari; Hossein Tahmasebi moghadm

Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2020, , Pages 16-31

Abstract

Spatial construction of cities as an onion; although looks simple from outside, is literally beguiling because it is of many layers; if each layer is examined separately, we would lose the whole in entirety. In the study of the spatial construction of worn-out fabric and its content (sustainability status), ... Read More Spatial construction of cities as an onion; although looks simple from outside, is literally beguiling because it is of many layers; if each layer is examined separately, we would lose the whole in entirety. In the study of the spatial construction of worn-out fabric and its content (sustainability status), its causes and factors should not be viewed only from one angle. Viewed hence, the present study is an attempt to understand the macro driving forces rhythms affecting the present construction of worn out fabric of Zanjan city, and to examine the degree to which such rhythms have an effect on the current status of the same area. To these ends, using library study and field observation (interview with heads of households residing the fabric (491 people) and experts (30 people)), the data were collected and then analyzed using ArcGIS and LISREL software. The results showed that macroeconomic structural factors with a significance coefficient of 9.99 and an impact factor of 0.92explain, to a greater extent, the spatial construction of the worn-out fabric of Zanjan. In other words, a centralized and state-oriented economic structure, oil economy and its impact on the spatial transformations of the city, and spatial allocation of financial resources in a homogeneous manner have managed to exert the greatest impact factor on the spatial construction of the present worn-out fabric of Zanjan city. Also, macro-physical factors occupy the second level of influence and explain the multi-layered spatial construction of Zanjan’s worn-out urban fabric. Renovation of the first shell of the building blocks at the edge of the main thoroughfares has ended in relying on commercial spaces. Width of passages and incentive approvals for renovation of old fabric have provided the possibility of high-rise construction and an increase in buildings’ height, culminating in the development of new "spatial envelopes" in stark contrast to the second and third layers of the fabric.

Rural tourism and its economy on local communities(Case of study: tourist villages of Razvanshahr County)

Nazanin Naim Abadi; Farhad Javan; Sirous Hojjat Shamami

Volume 4, Issue 13 , November 2024, , Pages 18-31

Abstract

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating rural tourism and its economic effects on the host communities of touristic villages in Rezvan Shahr County. The research method in the present study is quantitative and practical in terms of its purpose. The statistical population in this ... Read More

The investigations of the impact of the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic on the supply chain of agricultural products in the villages of Kermanshah province

nabi moosazadeh; Jafar Tavakkoli

Volume 4, Issue 12 , August 2023, , Pages 25-47

Abstract

Purpose: The corona virus and its effects and consequences have caused many challenges in the economic and livelihood situation of the people, thus, in order to prevent the further spread of this virus, countries have taken various measures and methods which have caused the lack of on time supply and ... Read More Purpose: The corona virus and its effects and consequences have caused many challenges in the economic and livelihood situation of the people, thus, in order to prevent the further spread of this virus, countries have taken various measures and methods which have caused the lack of on time supply and disruption in the marketing of rural products, which ultimately have affected the supply chain of the villagers' products. Kermanshah province is considered as one of the most important provinces of the country in the field of agricultural production, due to its diverse climatic conditions and the potential of natural resources. About 30% of the province's workers are working in the agricultural sector.Hence, the main purpose of the present research is to analyze the impact of the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic on the supply chain of agricultural products in the villages of Kermanshah province so that the effects of the corona virus on the supply chain of agricultural products of investigated villages be identified.Method: the present research is developmental-practical and qualitative, which was conducted using the grounded theory method. Purposeful sampling of the snowball was used. 40 local officials were used as participants, who were interviewed fully and data collection continued until reaching theoretical data saturation. Data were collected through semi-structured interview. Maxqda software was used for managing and coding of documents and finally the analysis has been doneFindings: The research led to the identification of 117 categories and 6 classes such as supply of inputs, production situation, production problems, product sales situation, product sales problems, product marketing and 1 broad category: supply chainConclusion: spread of Corona has affected the supply chain of agricultural products in the investigated villages, which led to identification of some cases. In this regard, things like cost increase and lack of things like poison, fertilizer, workers and machines. Transportation and lack of electronic sales of products, market governance and traditional sales methods, failure to take special measures, failure to find a new way to sell, increase and decrease in sales and production of some products, etc., were identified. Planning and taking actions in line with the identified effects can help improve the situation of the supply chain of villagers' products in the covid-19 pandemic

An analysis of the structure and spatial-physical development of urban sprawl in Lamerd city

Akbar kiani; farzali salari sardari

Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2020, , Pages 32-48

Abstract

Today, due to population growth and physical-structural development of cities, the structure and spatial form of urban development is of great importance and the compact city serves as a model for urban management and development of tomorrow's cities and smart growth. One of the factors of urban sustainability ... Read More Today, due to population growth and physical-structural development of cities, the structure and spatial form of urban development is of great importance and the compact city serves as a model for urban management and development of tomorrow's cities and smart growth. One of the factors of urban sustainability is the relationship between the shape and physical form of the city (spatial-physical structure). This article examines the situation and major indicators of sustainable city form and its dialectical relationship with other factors, and sheds some light on pros and cons of urban sprawl of Lamerd city (including its morphology, i.e. structure, form and spatial development of the city). This study, employing library study method of research, adopts descriptive-analytical and comparative approach to data collection. The data of the urban sprawl indicators are collected through cognitive, functional information and studying comprehensive and detailed plans of the city.. By reviewing the literature and using the necessary and effective parameters obtained through analyzing the urban density of Lamerd city, an attempt is made to explain the reasons behind the sprawl and extensive urban development of the city. In the end, the theories related to sustainable urban forms and morphology, their convergences and divergences, and finally the functional aspects and the implications of the theories in question for the city status are touched upon, concluding by making some suggestions. According to the studies and analyses conducted in 1345-85, the surface area and population of Lamerd city has increased about six and five times, respectively. During these years, the gross population density of the city has decreased from 131.3 people to 30.1 people per hectare. The lack of a sharp decrease in gross population density in different years indicates the excessive expansion of the city and the vacancy of many spaces and inactive urban areas and finally the horizontal, expanded, sprawl development of neighborhoods in Lamerd, bringing about urban unsustainability in optimal distribution of services and access to facilities for the city residents, and in a rise in infrastructural costs and energy waste. The net residential density in 1985 is 85.85 people per hectare and in 1995 the net residential density and population density are 73 and 29 people per hectare, respectively.

Explaining the effects of reverse migration on the economic, social and cultural development of Mahal Anzal villages in Urmia city in 2017-2021

Sharifeh Jafarmadar Gharabagh; Simin Armaqan; tahmineh Daniyali

Volume 4, Issue 13 , November 2024, , Pages 32-52

Abstract

Background: Reverse migration is one of the important factors that change the economic, social, cultural and physical environment of villages and cities in the current era and causes changes in the living conditions of the villages that accept immigrants, because in the current era and considering the ... Read More Background: Reverse migration is one of the important factors that change the economic, social, cultural and physical environment of villages and cities in the current era and causes changes in the living conditions of the villages that accept immigrants, because in the current era and considering the critical situation of the cities in terms of economy , life, health, etc., people are returning to the villages and in order to live far away from the traffic and noise of the city, they settle in the villages by buying gardens and houses and continue their lives. And they also try to produce their own consumer items in order to save money in the family's livelihood.Objectives: The aim was to explain the direct and indirect effects of reverse migration on the economic, social and cultural development of the villages of Urmia (Mahal Anzal) in West Azerbaijan province in 2017-2021.Method: The research design was descriptive and analytical. The statistical population of the research was 944 households who returned from the city to the villages of Mahal Anzal, of which 275 households were selected by quota sampling method and answered the questionnaires randomly. The research questionnaire has the validity of exploratory factor analysis 0.847 and confirmatory factor analysis was accepted. Data with questionnaire, researcher made with reliability 0.818 collect and with (SPSS-V.28) and (Lisrel-V.10) software were analyzed.Result: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between reverse migration, economic development, social development and cultural development (P≤0.01). Reverse migration has a direct and positive effect on economic development (0.69), social development (0.70) and cultural development (0.28) has been and also, reverse migration has an indirect and positive effect (0.39) on cultural development was through social development (P≤0.01).Conclusion: The authorities should review the positive effects of reverse migration to the villages, by formulating new laws and by maintaining the rural body, it causes development and income generation of villages and villagers in order to improve the employment and income situation and become a livelihood for all people, especially the residents of the villages.

The future study of urban governance in the post-corona era Case study: Metropolis of Tabriz

shahrivar rostaei; Rasoul Ghorbani; Hadis Bordbar

Volume 4, Issue 14 , February 2024, , Pages 32-53

Abstract

Objective: When challenges such as the Corona pandemic arise, metropolitan areas face serious management problems due to the lack of a system of citizen participation based on strong governance and the presence of multiple stakeholders. The solution to such problems requires the transfer of responsibility ... Read More Objective: When challenges such as the Corona pandemic arise, metropolitan areas face serious management problems due to the lack of a system of citizen participation based on strong governance and the presence of multiple stakeholders. The solution to such problems requires the transfer of responsibility for the management of urban affairs to the group of actors that make up the bulk of urban governance. The aim of the present research is to use the futurological approach to explain the meaning of urban governance in the post-corona era, to identify the main components of urban governance, to determine the key factors influencing the future of urban governance in the post-corona era, to formulate a golden scenario, the continuation of the existing or static trend and a weak scenario by considering important elements and It is effective and to choose the optimal scenario for urban governance in the post-corona era in the metropolis of Tabriz. Methodology: The current research is developmentally relevant in terms of the purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Two methods were used to obtain information: Library and fieldwork. The statistical population of the study is 32 experts from academic departments and the city administration, selected through purposive sampling. Micmac, Scenario Wizard and SPSS software were used for data analysis. The results: 19 factors have an impact on urban governance in the post-corona era. Among these factors, 8 key factors (responsibility and accountability, justice orientation, transparency, awareness, citizen participation, legality, decentralization and continuous education of citizens) were identified for urban governance in the post-corona era in Tabriz metropolis. With the help of Scenario Wizard software, strong, weak and highly compatible or credible scenarios were extracted. Conclusion: Among the scenarios mentioned, the scenario with high compatibility or credibility, as it lies between the other two scenarios, was examined using inductive analysis. Three possible scenarios (golden, continuation of the existing or static trend and disaster) were written for the future of urban governance in the post-Corona era in metropolis of Tabriz, and finally, according to experts, the golden scenario is the optimal scenario for research.

Economic Inflation and Declining Livelihood in Spaces Peripheral Of Birjand

Mohammad Hajipour; Tahereh Rezaei; Mahmoud Falsoleyman

Volume 4, Issue 12 , August 2023, , Pages 47-60

Abstract

One of the perennial and exacerbated challenges facing the political and managerial system of Iran has been inflation. Extensive efforts have been made by researchers and executive officials in this country to identify its causes and overcome it. In the meantime, understanding the consequences and impacts ... Read More One of the perennial and exacerbated challenges facing the political and managerial system of Iran has been inflation. Extensive efforts have been made by researchers and executive officials in this country to identify its causes and overcome it. In the meantime, understanding the consequences and impacts of inflation in various geographical dimensions is a critical endeavor that can lead to the development of practical programs to rationally confront inflationary conditions. Peripheral settlements and their developments provide a tangible platform for spatially identifying the effects of inflation in each geographical region. Therefore, this article examines and analyzes the effects of economic inflation on the livelihoods of Peripheral settlements in Birjand. This descriptive-analytical research uses both documentary and survey methods in its investigations. The results show that inflation during the years 2018-2022, with its financial dimension, has caused a fundamental decline in the economic assets of residents. It has resulted in a significant reduction in household savings and increased household debt. Consequently, many households have chosen to move from Birjand to Peripheral areas to alleviate the financial burden of inflation on their households. Furthermore, the different effects of inflation on the overall dimensions of sustainable livelihoods between different villages were significant, indicating the spatial differences in the impact of inflation on the sustainability of the area's livelihoods.One of the perennial and exacerbated challenges facing the political and managerial system of Iran has been inflation. Extensive efforts have been made by researchers and executive officials in this country to identify its causes and overcome it. In the meantime, understanding the consequences and impacts of inflation in various geographical dimensions is a critical endeavor that can lead to the development of practical programs to rationally confront inflationary conditions. Peripheral settlements and their developments provide a tangible platform for spatially identifying the effects of inflation in each geographical region. Therefore, this article examines and analyzes the effects of economic inflation on the livelihoods of Peripheral settlements in Birjand. This descriptive-analytical research uses both documentary and survey methods in its investigations. The results show that inflation during the years 2018-2022, with its financial dimension, has caused a fundamental decline in the economic assets of residents. It has resulted in a significant reduction in household savings and increased household debt. Consequently, many households have chosen to move from Birjand to Peripheral areas to alleviate the financial burden of inflation on their households. Furthermore, the different effects of inflation on the overall dimensions of sustainable livelihoods between different villages were significant, indicating the spatial differences in the impact of inflation on the sustainability of the area's livelihoods.

Investigating the role of day markets in the supply of rural products in strengthening urban-rural relations (Case Study: Rasht City)

majid yasoori; maryam sejoodi

Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2020, , Pages 49-62

Abstract

The city of Rasht, as one of the strong centers for its peripheral and immediate areas, has played a special role in the development of rural economy in Gilan province and even neighboring provinces.Objectives: This study tries to determine the share and role of Rasht city in the development of rural ... Read More The city of Rasht, as one of the strong centers for its peripheral and immediate areas, has played a special role in the development of rural economy in Gilan province and even neighboring provinces.Objectives: This study tries to determine the share and role of Rasht city in the development of rural economy and strengthen the urban-rural relations of the province by presenting hypotheses and considering the effective indicators in determining the efficient interaction between rural-urban areas. It has been used to determine the continuous repetition of supply and sale of products by villagers and intermediaries and strengthen the rural household economy using the T test method; Also, by using the regression equation and examining the significance of the regression slopesatisfaction from the point of view of sellers or suppliers of products and finally the multiple linear regression method to examine the physical-spatial and social dimensions of Rasht on the criterion of local vendors satisfaction criterion. Findings show that the city of Rasht for reasons such as close distance and the possibility of easy communication with villages and their immediate areas, the existence of surplus product in the villages of the province, the need for income and no other job by many villagers, incentives such as achieving More profit, the desire of the people of Rasht to use quality agricultural, livestock and dairy products, etc. have been considered by many villagers. The comparison of the two groups (permanent, intermittent and periodic vendors) by t-test statistics is equal to 8.46 and there is a significant difference between the groups in terms of economic prosperity in terms of the volume of agricultural products in Rasht. Also, the correlation coefficient between satisfaction and economic prosperity of agricultural vendors in Rasht is 0.425 which is significantly related to the 95% confidence factor and the correlation coefficient between agricultural vendors satisfaction and the physical and spatial and social dimensions of Rasht is 0.584. We conclude that the factors are significantly related to each other

Evaluating the impact of social-economic welfare on the social capital of rural households (case of study: Dehgolan city, villages of BolbanAbad district)

fardin shiri; mobin ghaderi

Volume 4, Issue 13 , November 2024, , Pages 53-72

Abstract

In the current era, various measures and measures have been used in rural settlements to achieve development as much as possible; that social capital is considered as a central principle and a way to achieve sustainable development, as a key principle in the local community and one of the most important ... Read More In the current era, various measures and measures have been used in rural settlements to achieve development as much as possible; that social capital is considered as a central principle and a way to achieve sustainable development, as a key principle in the local community and one of the most important vital elements and cohesion of the society. Today, social capital, especially in relation to social and economic welfare, can be the main result of balanced development and as a comprehensive approach to achieve sustainable development in rural areas. The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effect of social-economic well-being on the social capital of rural households in South Ilaq village under Bolbanabad district located in Dehgolan city. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature it is placed in the framework of descriptive-analytical method. The necessary statistics and information were collected in two ways, library and field survey, which in the field study section, the main focus was based on the questionnaire tool. The statistical population under study includes all villages with more than 20 households in South Ilaq district. In order to determine the size of the samples, 220 households were selected by stratified random sampling using Cochran's formula. To analyze the data, Pearson's correlation coefficient test and multivariate regression were used in the SPSS software environment. The research results indicate that there is a significant and positive relationship between social welfare and economic welfare with social capital; And according to the obtained correlation coefficient, economic prosperity has a higher correlation with social capital. Also, the findings indicate that according to the determination coefficient in the regression, social and economic well-being have a direct effect on social capital. As a result, social welfare and economic welfare, by creating a network of communication and coordination with social capital, provide the basis for achieving development and especially sustainable rural development.

An Analysis of the Livability of Urban Housing in Zanjan city, Focusing on its Physical Aspects

saeed najafy; Ahmad Rahdar; Behzad Esmaeili

Volume 4, Issue 14 , February 2024, , Pages 54-70

Abstract

Background: Measuring the quality of life by connecting human life with housing, which is an inseparable part of basic human needs, is challenging.Objectives: The aim of current research is to measure how the physical quality of housing affects the residents' quality of life.Method: The research method ... Read More Background: Measuring the quality of life by connecting human life with housing, which is an inseparable part of basic human needs, is challenging.Objectives: The aim of current research is to measure how the physical quality of housing affects the residents' quality of life.Method: The research method used is descriptive-analytical in type and applied for a specific purpose. To gather the necessary theoretical insight and review relevant literature and data, we utilized the library-field method. In order to gather the necessary statistics and information, we referred to statistical block 1395 in Zanjan city. We then used a hierarchical analysis model to determine the importance coefficient of each indicator, followed by the TOPSIS decision-making model for data analysis and ranking of regions. Finally, we used the ANOVA variance analysis model in SPSS software to verify the significant difference of the indicators in urban areas. The research was conducted on residential units located in four districts of Zanjan Municipality.Result: According to the study, regions one and four have the most desirable physical livability indicators in terms of housing when compared to other regions. The TOPSIS decision-making model showed that the desirability score in region one is 0.636, in region two and three it is 0.515, and in region four it is 0.477. The desirability score for all four regions combined is 0.546. The analysis of variance indicates a significant difference in physical livability indicators among housing in various urban areas of Zanjan. Due to the number of households exceeding the number of residential units, the average in all four regions did not show a significant relationship, and its value was higher than the intended error level. It means, measuring livability helps urban planners understand quality of life and environment. Measuring livability quality helps urban planners understand people's quality of life and environment of a place.Conclusion: it can be said that from a qualitative perspective, even though satisfaction with the residential unit is not the same as satisfaction with the location, and its impact on staying in the place is not as significant as other factors, it is relatively easy to enhance the satisfaction with the residential unit by renovating and improving it. However, the lack of information structures and community involvement in improving the structures can lead to residents vacating the place due to dissatisfaction with their residential units.

Investigating the economic and social effects of the allocation of government expenditures by the Provincial Planning and Development Council in Iran

mohammad ghaffary fard; seyed ahmad mousavi

Volume 4, Issue 12 , August 2023, , Pages 61-79

Abstract

Economic growth and development is one of the basic goals of all the countries of the world, so far, many influential factors have been presented for this goal. The government's construction budget is one of the most important and essential factors influencing economic growth. If the central government ... Read More Economic growth and development is one of the basic goals of all the countries of the world, so far, many influential factors have been presented for this goal. The government's construction budget is one of the most important and essential factors influencing economic growth. If the central government cannot make fundamental changes in accordance with regional needs and tastes, the provision of public goods and services will lose its efficiency, and local governments can improve efficiency, and this efficiency improvement comes from local governments' awareness of the needs, capacities, and tastes of local people. By knowing the needs and talents, the productivity increases and ultimately the production rate increases. In Iran, the Provincial Planning and Development Council is in charge of allocating the annual provincial budget, and for many years, this council has been allocating provincial budgets to various affairs (public affairs budget, defense budget, economic affairs budget, and social affairs budget) and cities. The aim of the present research is to investigate the economic effects of the allocation of credits for the acquisition of provincial capital assets by the Provincial Planning and Development Council in the territory of Iran. The data of this research was collected through the website of Iran Statistics Center for all provinces during the years 2018-2019. This research is practical in terms of its purpose and was analyzed using ordinary least squares panel data method in the environment of Eviuse program and its results show that with a one percent increase in the budget of economic affairs, the GDP per capita increases by 0.241848 percent. With a one percent increase in the public service budget, the GDP per capita increases by 0.102297 percent, with a one percent increase in the social affairs budget, the GDP per capita increases by 0.09448 percent, and with a one percent increase in the military budget, the GDP per capita increases by 0.074006 percent. Since one of the basic goals of governments is to achieve economic growth, politicians In order to achieve this important goal, the planners, especially the Provincial Planning and Development Council, should pay more attention in allocating budgets to economic affairs, public affairs, and education and health sector budgets in order to increase the productivity of the labor force and ultimately the economic growth of the country.

Selecting an appropriate approach to regularizing informal settlements by using Multi-Criteria Decision Methods (MCMD)

Hojat Arzhangi; Alireza Mohammadi

Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2020, , Pages 63-78

Abstract

Informal settlements are areas shaped and expanded in almost all major and middle cities of the Iran cities including the city of Ardabil. In the face of areas as such, as of today various ways have been put into test. A number of these ways include demolition, relocation, site and services, upgrading, ... Read More

Analysis of the impact of the economic network (activity-functional system) of the city's public spaces on the formation of behavioral centers (a case study of the central context of Zanjan city)

mehrdad daneshdoust; korosh afzali; afsoon mahdavi

Volume 4, Issue 14 , February 2024, , Pages 71-86

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Imagining space without content and social relations and on the other hand, it is difficult to understand and imagine a society without spatial components and relationships. the public domain provides the formation and fulfillment of civil society and the urban space is the physical ... Read More ABSTRACT Background: Imagining space without content and social relations and on the other hand, it is difficult to understand and imagine a society without spatial components and relationships. the public domain provides the formation and fulfillment of civil society and the urban space is the physical manifestation of the public domain.Objectives: the current research seeks to analyze the effect of the activity-performance system on the formation of behavioral centers in the area of the Sabzehmeydan sidewalk in Zanjan City as a public space.Method: the method of research is descriptive-analytical based on field survey. the statistical population of the current research is passerby citizens and businesses who were present for different purposes. According to Cochran's formula and with simple random sampling method, 340 people were questioned as a sample. In order to determine the behavioral centers of people, four types of patterns observed on pedestrians were adopted and the observations were taken at a specific time in the morning and evening between men and women. The indicators of activity-performance system are ranked in four different layers based on Vicor's decision-making technique.Result: The findings showed that all four layers have different functional activity systems. The social logic of the space showed that the fourth part, SabzehMeydan footpath, is more susceptible than other parts of the area in terms of the activity-functional system of the behavioral centers, and in the space produced and preceded by history, before it is socialized, through the networks A different presence is socializing.Conclusion: the factor of time alone may be able to produce island behavioral centers such as peddling in front of the Jame Mosque during prayers, but the occurrence of forced behaviors cannot be the factor that shapes the behavioral centers and by creating a two-way relationship with Other capabilities and attraction of optional activities are effective and are an intervening factor for the production of behavioral centers.

Entrepreneurship provisions analysis for achieving to regional endogenous development (case study: Tehran province)

Amir Ghasemi; Behzad Malekpurasl

Volume 4, Issue 13 , November 2024, , Pages 73-100

Abstract

Regional endogenous development can be reached through the interaction of regional entrepreneurship along with other variables such as leadership, institutions, market-fit and resource endowment. In this way, regional entrepreneurship is one of the mediating variables of endogenous regional development ... Read More Regional endogenous development can be reached through the interaction of regional entrepreneurship along with other variables such as leadership, institutions, market-fit and resource endowment. In this way, regional entrepreneurship is one of the mediating variables of endogenous regional development and can facilitate the process of achieving development like a catalyst. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between these factors in endogenous development through analyzing statistics related to case study. Therefore, after determining some criteria and indicators related to main variables of regional entrepreneurship (human capital and new knowledge) from various sources, the existing relationships between the indicators with each other, indicators with variables and independent and mediating variables with dependent variable will be analyzed by using methods such as PLS method and structural equations and relying on available and collected statistical data. Since in the research measurement model, the factor loadings between each of the variables and their indicators are more than 0.4 and also the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the combined reliability coefficient of each of the variables are more than 0.7, as a result, the reliability of the research model is acceptable. Also the average extracted variance of all variables is greater than 0.5, as a result, the convergent validity of the model is also within the acceptable range; On the other hand, the values on the main diameter of the Fornell and Larcker matrix are larger than all the values in the corresponding column. Therefore, it can be concluded that this model has acceptable divergent validity. the structural model of the research shows a regression coefficient of 0.698 between the two variables of entrepreneurship and regional endogenous development at a significance level of less than 5%, which proves the relationship between these two variables and as a result the research hypothesis at an acceptable significance level. At the end of the research and by proving the mediator role of entrepreneurship in the process of regional endogenous development, the development level of all the Tehran counties has been shown based on the research data and statistics, and then policies and action plans aimed at improving the development level of less developed counties based on entrepreneurship have been suggested.

Analysis of factors affecting the development of competitiveness in the religious tourism of Zanjan city

Mohammadjavad Abbasi; Ghamar Abbasi

Volume 4, Issue 12 , August 2023, , Pages 80-104

Abstract

The aim of the current research is analysis of factors affecting the development of competitiveness in religious tourism. Case study: Ritual ceremony in Zanjan city). The current research aims to create practical understanding and knowledge for tourism policy makers in the field of identifying indicators ... Read More The aim of the current research is analysis of factors affecting the development of competitiveness in religious tourism. Case study: Ritual ceremony in Zanjan city). The current research aims to create practical understanding and knowledge for tourism policy makers in the field of identifying indicators that affect the competitiveness of religious tourism based on the competitiveness indicators of travel and tourism; The report of the World Economic Forum (2015) is applied research in terms of its purpose and a descriptive survey from the point of view of the data collection method. In the present research, firstly, through the study of theoretical literature and experts' survey, the evaluation of tourism competitiveness indicators and items has been done. In order to determine the main and final indicators of tourism competitiveness in the studied area, was used survey of 15 scientific and executive experts in the field of tourism in Zanjan city. Then, by using the Dimetal technique, the internal relationships of these indicators were determined from the point of view of the influence and effectiveness of the factors, as well as their cause and effect relationships. Finally, by presenting the model obtained from the internal relationships between the variables using the Dimetal technique; The test of this initial assumption model in the studied area was done by modeling the structural equations using the partial least squares method in PLS software. The results of examining the fit of the measurement models, structural model and general model at the 95% confidence level showed that the model is generally meaningful and all the main paths of the research were accepted and the model has appropriate fit and explanatory power. The criterion of conditions and legal framework in the studied area have an importance of 0.86, 0.83 and 0.73, respectively, on the criteria of infrastructure improvement, environmental preparation and cultural-natural resources and in general on improving the competitiveness of ritual ceremonies in Zanjan city. Among the sub-items of these variables that are effective in improving competitiveness; The sub-variable of marketing, branding and improving the image of the religious tourism destination at the international level with an impact of 0.98, also; The sub-variables of comprehensive and integrated participatory planning of the institutions involved in religious tourism and intangible differentiation, interactive, meaningful, innovative and future-oriented experiences have had the highest impact with an impact of 0.86.

An assessment of Shahriar's position and function in the Tehran metropolitan network

Keramatullah Ziiary; ramin ghorbani; fatemeh kahaki; Keivan Jamali

Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2020, , Pages 79-94

Abstract

In today's world, most urban planners and experts are trying to, employing appropriate strategies, resolve such problems as extreme centralization and regional disparities. Paying attention to the development and strengthening of central cities and recognizing their capabilities and potential could ... Read More

Assessing the Impact of Development Projects on Rural Population Stabilization: A Case Study of Ek County in Takestan Township

Akbar hossienzadeh; Hossein Farahani; Latife Shafiee

Volume 4, Issue 14 , February 2024, , Pages 87-104

Abstract

In recent years, with the aim of achieving favorable living conditions and creating equality, justice, reducing poverty and inequality, rural settlements have been exposed to large construction plans and projects with high investment volumes to provide the basis for stabilizing the population in villages. ... Read More In recent years, with the aim of achieving favorable living conditions and creating equality, justice, reducing poverty and inequality, rural settlements have been exposed to large construction plans and projects with high investment volumes to provide the basis for stabilizing the population in villages. This article examines and evaluates the effects of construction measures carried out in stabilizing the rural population of Ek district. In this regard, the basic question of the research is what is the relationship between the construction measures carried out and the stabilization of the rural population in the study area. The research method is descriptive-analytical in nature and applied in nature. The method of collecting information is library and field methods. The statistical population includes 9 villages of Ek district. Data analysis was done quantitatively using field survey data and census data (1355-1395). Descriptive statistics including mean, median and standard deviation were used for data analysis. Then, using the entropy model, population balance and settlement distribution were measured, and structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesis. The findings of the entropy model show that in measuring the dispersion and the change in the size of the settlements, the entropy level has decreased from 139.6 in 2015 to 119.7 in 2015. Also, the amount of entropy of distribution and spatial distribution of rural population has increased from 159.9 in 1355 to 148.2 in 1395. The lower the amount of entropy indicates a balanced distribution, therefore, based on the results of the model, the distribution of the settlement system and population at the village level has become more balanced. Also, the results of structural equation modeling show that the effects of construction measures carried out in different dimensions have a significant relationship with the reduction of migration, and the highest correlation coefficient between the two social and economic dimensions is 1.06%.

Analysis of the satisfaction of the subscribers of the electricity distribution company in order to explain the consumption pattern based on the branch type and place of residence (Case: Zanjan city)

Ali zargari; tahere rasoooli

Volume 4, Issue 13 , November 2024, , Pages 101-111

Abstract

The electricity industry is one of the industries that has traditionally been monopolized by governments, and this monopoly still exists in the electricity sector in many parts of the world. On the other hand, the nature of the electricity industry is such that some parts of it have a natural monopoly ... Read More The electricity industry is one of the industries that has traditionally been monopolized by governments, and this monopoly still exists in the electricity sector in many parts of the world. On the other hand, the nature of the electricity industry is such that some parts of it have a natural monopoly and the introduction of competition in these parts is not possible, or to put it better, it does not promote the business activities of these parts. However, explaining the quality and quantity of services provided by this industry and the level of customer satisfaction with services is very important in improving the quality of services. The present article, with a descriptive-survey method, seeks to analyze the satisfaction of the subscribers of the electricity distribution company in order to explain the consumption pattern based on the type of branch and the place of residence in Zanjan city. Data collection was done by library and field method. The statistical population includes subscribers of the electricity distribution company in Zanjan city and its suburbs. Using geographical distribution, 1% of subscribers from each region of Zanjan city has been randomly selected as a statistical sample. Finally, to analyze the collected data, one-sample t test, analysis of variance test, and Pearson's correlation test were used with the help of SPSS software. The findings of the research showed that the opinion index of the subscribers with the single-sample T test was 3.31 (66.2 percent) and t coefficient (t = 44.72), which is in a good state. In terms of the urban region, the highest level of satisfaction with the services of the electricity distribution company is in Eshraq region with an average of 3.11 and the lowest level of satisfaction belongs to Golshahr region with an average of 2.53. In terms of the type of branch, the highest level of satisfaction with the services of the electricity distribution company is among customers with commercial and household branches with an average of 3.35 and agricultural branches with an average of 3.38; And the lowest level of satisfaction belongs to subscribers with industrial branch with an average of 3.03 and general branch with an average of 3.32. Finally, in order to strengthen the performance of the electricity distribution company, to strengthen information; appropriate response; Strengthening the efficiency of providing services of my electricity system; And it is necessary to simplify and make the electronic format concise and useful

effective greenhouse marketing strategies in Jiroft rural areas County with emphasis on SWOT and QSPM

Ahmad Roumiani; Seyyed Reza Hosseini Kohnouj; Mohammad Kharaj

Volume 4, Issue 12 , August 2023, , Pages 105-120

Abstract

Agriculture is one of the most important economic sectors of the countries of the world and its role in economic, political and international development and stability is undeniable. Agricultural development is considered the most important priority in the national development programs of developing ... Read More Agriculture is one of the most important economic sectors of the countries of the world and its role in economic, political and international development and stability is undeniable. Agricultural development is considered the most important priority in the national development programs of developing countries and is one of the most important and influential sectors in Iran's economy, which plays an important role in the political and economic independence of the country. In the country of Iran, the agricultural sector has an important position in the history of this country due to the comprehensive impact it has had in the field of solving economic-social challenges (providing independence and food security, creating employment, sustainable development and preserving the environment). It reveals the necessity of making new investments in this sector (Abdolahi, 1385: 169). . Therefore, paying attention to greenhouse production in terms of vegetables and summer herbs has become one of the most productive sectors in the marketing of agricultural products. Based on this, the present research aims to investigate the factors and limitations of the development of greenhouse crops in the rural areas of Jiroft city. For this purpose, the statistics of this research are 5 rural areas of Jiroft city, which in recent years have attracted a lot of attention from farmers and experts in this field due to the various greenhouse activities and having the necessary conditions for greenhouse export. . This research was of a descriptive-analytical type and the required data was collected by the survey method (questionnaire) and its distribution among 30 experts in the field of agriculture. In order to know the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats of greenhouse products marketing, SWOT strategic model was used and then with the help of QSPM matrix, the most important planning strategies and strategic management of marketing in the villages of the region were identified and prioritized. The results of the internal and external matrix showed that the areas of Jiroft city are in an aggressive position, which means having the maximum capability and ability to realize the desired vision. According to the results obtained from the quantitative evaluation matrix, the perspective considered for the marketing potential of greenhouse products of this region was included in 4 cases to realize the competitive position, the first priority with "the readiness of the region to invest and stabilize" It is the polar position of the region.

A meta-analysis of urban resilience research in Iranian geographical research journals

Ahmad Pourahmad; Ebrahim Farhadi; Maryam Sejoudi; Ramin Ghorbani; Shakhawan Abdullah Hussein

Volume 1, Issue 2 , March 2021, , Pages 1-19

Abstract

Despite more than three decades of early research on resilience, this concept is still lacking in inclusive and operational in various scientific fields, including disaster management. Many of the contradictions in the meaning of resilience arise from cognitive tendencies, methodological approaches, ... Read More

Volume 4 (2023)

Volume 3 (2022)

Volume 2 (2021)

Volume 1 (2020)

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