Research Article
Hossein Hataminejad; Ahmad Pourahmad; Ziba Niazi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , June 2021, Pages 1-17
Abstract
Following the change in conditions and factors affecting urban development in recent times, man-made residential neighborhoods have a special place in the formation of cities and their sustainable development. Sustainable urban development, including recent theories and policies and is considered current, ...
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Following the change in conditions and factors affecting urban development in recent times, man-made residential neighborhoods have a special place in the formation of cities and their sustainable development. Sustainable urban development, including recent theories and policies and is considered current, has occupied a major part of the urban planning literature of recent years. But the recent theory at the local scale has not yet been properly explained and can be considered as the subject of research, sustainable development at the residential scale. Viability Improves the quality of urban spaces in modern cities while humanizing them as much as possible. The present study tries to assess the situation of diversity and development in residential neighborhoods as one of the most basic pillars of sustainable urban development. In this article, descriptive-analytical method has been used. To measure the diversity and development of neighborhoods and urban livability indicators, a qualitative model with 3 general indicators (diversity in construction, diversity in use and diversity in users) and 69 variables has been designed and used. Then, for data analysis and final decision making, non-compensatory multi-criteria decision making (MADM) method of Maximin and Maximax was used. The results show that neighborhoods 12, 8, 6, 2, 9, 1, 3, 11, 10, 7, 5, and 4 have the desired status of diversity and development, respectively.
Research Article
Mahdi Zanganeh; Maryam Khodashahi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , June 2021, Pages 18-32
Abstract
Urbanism is an important stage in the process of life in the cities, because the urban culture of people appears in how they live and their urbanism. A country may have a high percentage of urbanization, but a low level of urbanism. Unlike urbanization, urbanism is not a quantitative growth process, ...
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Urbanism is an important stage in the process of life in the cities, because the urban culture of people appears in how they live and their urbanism. A country may have a high percentage of urbanization, but a low level of urbanism. Unlike urbanization, urbanism is not a quantitative growth process, but it is the final and qualitative stage of urban life and is the result of urbanization. In other words, urbanism is a general concept and includes aspects of social psychology of urban life, patterns of urban personality and behavioral adaptation in the city. Paying attention to the quality dimension and adherence of urbanites to urban laws and giving importance to these laws and the extent to which these rules are applicable among the people is an inescapable point. Urbanism is an important stage in the process of living in cities because the urban culture of people appears in how they live, that is, their urbanism.The main purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of urbanism in the central, new and suburbs of Sabzevar.This research is a developmental-applied and descriptive-analytical research method. Data were collected by library and survey methods and to analyze the data, one-sample t-test, Spearman, analysis of variance and Friedman were used, and to measure the degree of urbanism in the three studied contexts, the VIKOR model was used. The sample size for the three contexts was 382 questionnaires. The alpha value for all indices is equal to /78. Is obtained. The results show that of the 6 indicators studied in the study area, only the index of self-alienation has no significant relationship with urbanism and the other indicators including citizenship identity, individualism, indifference, interactions and rationality have a significant relationship with the amount. The citizens of Sabzevar have urbanism. The results of Vickor model show that the degree of urbanism is higher in the new context and in the next ranks are the central context and the marginal context. Also, Friedman test shows that the indicators of self-alienation, indifference, individualism and interactions had the greatest impact on the rate of urbanism in the three studied contexts of Sabzevar, respectively.
Research Article
Hossein Farahani; Jamshid Einali; Mehri Jahansoozi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , June 2021, Pages 33-48
Abstract
One of the most important needs of rural development is rural housing. The construction of rural resistant housing and providing appropriate houses for villager has often been important elements of various development programs. Retrofitting means increasing the resistance of a structure (building) against ...
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One of the most important needs of rural development is rural housing. The construction of rural resistant housing and providing appropriate houses for villager has often been important elements of various development programs. Retrofitting means increasing the resistance of a structure (building) against the forces and improving the condition of the texture and internal elements of the housing and includes a set of measures that increase the life and strength of the building with small changes in the structure.This study attempts to investigate the effects of retrofitting the houses on physical quality of rural ancient Ghochan Atigh County. This study seeks to answer this question, what is the relationship between retrofitting the rural houses, and physical stability and the quality of housing area of the study? This study is functional and descriptive-analytical methods are used. Information and required data were collected by means of library and field methods. To analyze the data, quantitative methods were used in the form of descriptive and inferential statistics (One samples T test, Wilcoxon and Pearson). The area under study consists of 46 villages, which 15 villages were selected as sample. The Number of required samples to complete the questionnaire were determined 150 household by using a modified Cochran formula and questionnaires were distributed in the form of quota sampling in the villages of rural area. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between Retrofitting rural housing and physical stability in the area of the study with a confidence level of 99% at a rate 0.277 and the quality of housing at a rate 0.262, and a significant difference has been observed in the periods before and after retrofitting to improve the quality of housing and physical stability in the study in the area of study.Retrofitting rural housing while increasing the strength and reducing its vulnerability to natural hazards; Improvement of the physical quality in rural areas has been followed in the study area.
Research Article
Mohammad Ali Koushesh Vatan; Akbar Asghari Zamani
Volume 2, Issue 3 , June 2021, Pages 49-58
Abstract
In the process of urbanization, proper land-use planning is critically important. Because the way man uses the land causes significant effects on the temperature of the city. In this regard, this research aimed to study the land surface temperature (LST) concerning land use. The research data includes ...
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In the process of urbanization, proper land-use planning is critically important. Because the way man uses the land causes significant effects on the temperature of the city. In this regard, this research aimed to study the land surface temperature (LST) concerning land use. The research data includes the land-use shapefile and Landsat 8 image for day time (path = 168, row = 32; July 2020). Retrieval of LST done by ArcMap software. In addition, to investigate the difference in average temperature between different land-uses Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS was used.The results showed that the average temperature of Tabriz City was 28.41 ° C ± 4.62 ° C. Furthermore, its minimum and maximum temperatures are 13.55 ° C and 39.29 ° C, respectively. Also, based on the different land-uses, Tabriz Airport has the highest average temperature with an average temperature of 33.81 ° C ± 1.81 ° C compared to other land-uses. Then, military lands, barren lands, industrial lands, river, green space, under construction lands, and constructed lands with an average temperature of 32.22 ° C ± 2.52 ° C, 30.57 ° C ± 3.51 ° C, 30.51 ° C ± 2.71 ° C, 30.07 ° C ± 2.53 ° C, 29.88 ° C ± 2.94 ° C, 25.62 ° C ± 3.22 ° C and 23.61 ° C ± 3.91 ° C, have the highest average temperature, respectively. Further, between the land-uses LST was significantly different (sig = 0.000). In the following, based on pairwise comparisons, it was observed that except for the green space and river average temperatures, there is a statistically significant difference between the average temperatures of all land uses. In the following, based on pairwise comparisons, it was observed that except for the green space and river average temperatures, there is a statistically significant difference between the average temperatures of all land uses.
Research Article
Davood Sheikhi; masome pazoki
Volume 2, Issue 3 , June 2021, Pages 59-73
Abstract
Ganats in Iran have different economic, socio-cultural and environmental functions in cities and villages. One of the factors that affects the ability of society to manage shared water resources is social capital. On the other hand, the existence of Ganat creates a participatory space in the villages, ...
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Ganats in Iran have different economic, socio-cultural and environmental functions in cities and villages. One of the factors that affects the ability of society to manage shared water resources is social capital. On the other hand, the existence of Ganat creates a participatory space in the villages, and this participatory space is the source of social capital in the villages. The present research method is descriptive-analytical with the aim of investigating the role of Ganats in increasing the social capital of rural residents in the central District of Hamadan Township.level of social capital in the studied villages was measured in four components of social cohesion, social participation, social trust and social security. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha value of 0.82. The opinions of academic experts were used for validity. The statistical population consisted of 15 villages that were divided into two groups, villages with and without Ganats. Out of 9257 households in the statistical population, the sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula of 369 households, the share of villages with Ganats was 244 households and villages without Ganats were 125 households. Required data were collected based on field studies and library documents. The collected data were analyzed by statistical tests such as t-test. The results showed that social capital in villages with Ganats with an average of 3.98 and villages without Ganats with an average of 3.37 are in good condition, but the T-test at 99% showed a significant difference in the amount of social capital in the two groups of villages, meaning that the amount of social capital in villages with Ganats was higher. Strengthening social capital can act as a tool to achieve sustainable management of water resources and sustainable rural development, which social empowerment of villagers, self-confidence and self-confidence in them.
Research Article
Mansoureh Yarahmadi; Amer Nikpour
Volume 2, Issue 3 , June 2021, Pages 74-89
Abstract
The rapid growth of urbanization, In developing countries, urbanization causes poverty. Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon, Social and economic inequalities cause the spatial structure of different parts of the city to have obvious contradictions. Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Poverty Indicators ...
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The rapid growth of urbanization, In developing countries, urbanization causes poverty. Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon, Social and economic inequalities cause the spatial structure of different parts of the city to have obvious contradictions. Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Poverty Indicators in Noorabad Mamasani and Statistical comparison of the three periods 1385, 1390, and 1395 respectively.Research Method : The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The raw data of the research have been extracted from the statistical blocks of Noorabad city. The fuzzy method has been used for unscaling the indices and For spatial analysis of urban poverty, hot spots and Moran spatial autocorrelation have been used in GIS software. The results of the present study show Poverty in Noorabad Mamasani has a pattern of cluster distribution and spatial autocorrelation. In 1385, the poverty zone covered 26.73% of the area and 39.25% of the city's population. In 1390, this zone increased to 46.18% of the area and 46.85% of the population. This zone covers the western and central areas of the city. The affluent zone in 1385. The area around 44/16 percent and 47.9 percent of the population in 1395 to encompass the 67/30 percent and 87/33 percent of the population of the area increased. This zone is seen more in North West and South East. Examining the trend shows changes, Both the poor and the affluent have an increasing trend and have gradually taken over a larger population and area of the city, meanwhile the extent of poverty has been greater. On the other hand, the declining trend of the middle class indicates spatial inequality and the creation of a deep class gap that can be seen in the spatial structure of Noorabad Mamasani.
