Nature-based solutions can be an effective tool for addressing environmental and social challenges in modern cities. However, one of the most important obstacles to implementing these solutions is ensuring environmental justice and equitable distribution of its benefits in reducing urban hazards. In this regard, the present study is a systematic and structural review meta-synthesis approach that is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical method based on bibliometrics and Delphi. In the first step, 153 scientific articles from the Web of Science database between 2018 and 2023 were analyzed in terms of environmental justice and nature-based solutions using Zotero 6.0.37 software. In the second step, 12 key indicators were analyzed using the Delphi method and structural analysis using the MICMAC technique, and future scenarios were identified using the Scenario Wizard software. The statistical population consisted of 70 experts in urban planning, environment, social justice, and urban policymaking who were selected using the snowball method. The findings of the systematic review showed that since 2018, attention to environmental justice and nature-based solutions has increased. Observing the dimensions of distributive, procedural, and cognitive justice in the design and implementation of nature-based solutions enhances the effectiveness of environmental policies. In the structural analysis, equitable distribution of green infrastructure had the greatest impact and response to health needs had the least impact. In the scenario writing process, five possible scenarios were drawn for Tehran, which are only possible in the optimal scenario to achieve environmental justice with effective interaction of key forces; therefore, achieving environmental justice in nature-based solutions in Tehran requires a comprehensive approach and active participation of vulnerable groups to reduce environmental inequalities.